COVID-19 VACCINE STATUS(US, UK, GERMANY, INDIA)

Taking precautions and safety measures to thwart the spread of novel-coronavirus, health organisations are hell-bent to find a cure for the lethal disease. In our earlier blog, we learnt: what is a vaccine; how much it is effective; time taken to develop a vaccine.

Every country around the world making progress in developing a vaccine in the shortest possible time. Many countries have collaborated with each other to achieve the goal. 


STATUS OF COVID-19 VACCINE 

 WHO has urged countries to work together in order to find a cure. Experts estimate that the Covid-19 vaccine can take12-18 months.

At this time, there is more than 120 vaccine in underdevelop stage most of them are in the pre-clinical stage.

WHO is tracking nearby 70 vaccines which are giving effective results. 

The top countries which are leading the race are US, GERMANY, UK, CHINA, RUSSIA and AUSTRALIA.

  



UK's vaccine is considered to be the most effective. The phase two trials of Oxford's have been completed and the phase three trials have been started since June. Experts estimate that the vaccine could be distributed in the UK till early 2021 or by the end of 2020.


The UK'S research has been funded by euro 41 million from the UK government, as well as euro 5 million from other sources.


In the USA, there are three vaccines under the pre-clinical stage. A vaccine is to be developed by the Moderna company. Moderna's vaccine is at the top in the US. They were trying to begin phase three trials in July but delayed. In phase three, they will test the vaccine on 30,000 people. 

They hope to bring a vaccine in early 2021. 


In GERMANY, a vaccine is developed by BioNTech-Pfizer companies. They are expecting to enter in phase 3 trials at the end of July. The vaccine that they used in the earlier phase which was tested on 45 patients, patients experienced fever and other side effects of the vaccine. 


INDIAN VACCINE

In India, a vaccine is to be developed by BHARAT BIOTECH in collaboration with ICMR. The name of the vaccine is COVAXIN. They are expecting to start the phase 1 and phase 2 trials from July and they start human trials from July on its vaccine candidates. 


COVAXIN: It contains the dead microorganisms of the sars-cov2 virus. That is the Covaxin is "inactivated" vaccine.The vaccine consists of the dead particles of the virus which do not affect the injected person negatively, the body will generate antibodies against the inactive virus particle.


There are other companies also which are developing a vaccine for the disease:

 Premas Biotech company has developed an antigen virus like particle vaccine and it has moved to the animal trial phase.

Zydus Cadila is also developing a vaccine by the name of ZyCoV-D. They have entered into phase 2 and would approach the DCGI after the completion of phase 1 and 2 for their consideration.

 The company has received approval from the DCGI to conduct human trials for the ZyCoV-D vaccine.


The Covaxin is estimated to complete phase 1 and 2 in 15 months and for ZyCoV-D take upto 12 months. 




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